burden of proof：舉證責(zé)任

[明慧網(wǎng)2006年3月22日]舉證責(zé)任(burden of proof)的通俗解釋是,誰提出什么主張,誰就應(yīng)該拿出證據(jù)證明這個(gè)主張. 如果一方指控另一方,那么指控方有責(zé)任提供證據(jù)證實(shí)這個(gè)指控. 可是在現(xiàn)代文明社會(huì)里,有一些情況是舉證責(zé)任倒置的.

burden of proof：證明責(zé)任

在英美法下,"證明責(zé)任"(Burden of proof)一語(yǔ)至今尚以主觀的證明責(zé)任概念而被使用. 在美國(guó)證據(jù)法上,證明責(zé)任有兩種含義,一是"證據(jù)提出責(zé)任或義務(wù)"(burden of going forward with evidence;duty of producing evidence;

burden of proof：舉證費(fèi)

Burden 間接費(fèi)用負(fù)擔(dān) | Burden of Proof 舉證費(fèi) | Bureaucracy 官僚制度

burden of proof：天涯追兇

The Black Bird 黑鳥 | Burden of Proof 天涯追兇 | Can't Stop Loving You 愛到盡頭

The burden of proof：舉證責(zé)任

但是,一些學(xué)者對(duì)其進(jìn)行了限制性定義:"舉證責(zé)任(the burden of proof)是舉指在訴訟中以客觀證據(jù)支持自己訴訟請(qǐng)求的責(zé)任. 如果承擔(dān)舉證責(zé)任的一方未能履行責(zé)任,結(jié)果是該敗訴,因而舉證責(zé)任的承擔(dān)實(shí)際上是敗訴風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的承擔(dān)";

The burden of proof：證明的責(zé)任

a weighty burden 重責(zé) | the burden of proof 證明的責(zé)任 | vt. 使負(fù)重?fù)?dān);煩勞 to load or trouble

burden of proof; onus probandi：舉證責(zé)任

舉報(bào) information/report of an offence | 舉證責(zé)任 burden of proof; onus probandi | 決定書 decision

burden of proof; onus probandi：舉證義務(wù)

告發(fā) information/report of an offence | 舉證義務(wù) burden of proof; onus probandi | 決議書 decision

shifting of burden of proof：倒置

細(xì)節(jié)遷移:Detail Shifting | 倒置:shifting of burden of proof | 移相莫爾:phase-shifting moire fringe

shift of burden of proof：舉證責(zé)任倒置

不能證明:fail to state or proof or establish; | 舉證責(zé)任倒置:shift of burden of proof; | 質(zhì)證:Cross-examination;