The paper improves the velocity's control rules of a first-order microcosmic stochastic traffic cellular automaton model and incorporates it's stochasticity as a deceleration parameter in the construction of the fundamental diagram used by a macroscopic first-order continuum traffic model.

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As done in classical fracture mechanics, a circumferential crack with macroscopic geometrical dimensions is necessary, mean while setting energy release ratio as a control parameter of delaminate fracture.

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