Chapter 3 analyses the relationship between the performing party during carriage of goods by sea and the carrier as well as the cargo owners. It shows that the performing party during carriage of goods by sea is in dual legal status, i.e. on the one hand it is the independent contractor or sub-contractor of the carrier, and on the other hand it is a tort-feasor against the cargo owners.

第3章分析了海上貨物運輸中的履約方與承運人以及與貨方的關(guān)系91黄色影院，指出海上貨物運輸中的履約方在海上貨物運輸復雜的法律關(guān)系中具有雙重的法律地位中文字幕91综合在线，一方面它與承運人之間存在一般的商業(yè)合同關(guān)系，是承運人的獨立合同人或分合同人国产伦精品一区二区三区视频播放，另一方面它與貨方之間存在侵權(quán)的法律關(guān)系四虎成人影院在线播放视频，處于侵權(quán)行為人的法律地位。

The theories of Ecomomic Analysis of Tort Law indicate that tort is a kind of action that tort-feasor breaches his duty and that the parties cannot reach an agreement in advance to solve the problem of compensation.

侵權(quán)責任原則的構(gòu)成應該能使預防費用无尽xxxxx、事故費用和行政費用減低到最低限度国产私拍精品国模在线，根據(jù)這一原則侵權(quán)的責任問題大致可以分為兩類，一是&嚴格責任原則&国产亚洲福利国产亚洲，二是&過錯責任原則&2022最新理论片韩国在线看。

At that time on the penlty for the tort-feasor,the criminal sanction was principal and the civial sanction was subordinate.

唐代對侵權(quán)行為人主要處以刑事制裁，輔之以民事賠償欧美爱爱视频免费。

That the tort-feasor shah bear the liability is justified merely because of the"sin"of the environmental tort rather than his/her wrong or other causes.

讓環(huán)境侵權(quán)行為人承擔責任不是基于過錯或其他什么理由影音色资源，而是以環(huán)境侵權(quán)行為的原罪為根據(jù)。

tort-feasor; wrongdoer：過錯方

國際法學 international jurisprudence | 過錯方 tort-feasor; wrongdoer | 過錯推定原則 doctrine of presumption