If the stellar spectrum is known, the albedo of the dust can be obtained

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Simultaneously retrieval of atmospheric aerosol optical thickness and surface albedo over land by using polarized radiance as well as scalar radiance from POLDER measurement.

段民征www.在线亚洲色。陸地上空大氣氣溶膠和地表反照率的同時(shí)反演--衛(wèi)星標(biāo)量輻射和偏振信息的聯(lián)合利用国产黄片无码av。

With the IAP Prediction System of Short-term Climate Anomaly, two sets of seasonal and extra-seasonal ensemble hindcasts have been performed during the period of 1980～1994 in order to assess the prediction skill of the IAP PSSCA with two different schemes The difference of the two schemes is in the different version of AGCM used, with the IAP AGCM 1 1 in one scheme and the IAP AGCM 1 2 with an improved surface albedo parameterization in the other Comparisons of the hindcast results with the observations show that IAP PSSCA is capable of predicting the precipitation anomaly to some extent In the eastern China largely affected by Asian monsoon and SST anomalies, the prediction skill is relatively high, especially in the Southeastern China where the anomaly correlation coefficient can reach as high as 0 50 in the severe flood and drought years This may suggest that the possible mechanisms for these severe disasters have been well captured by the IAP PSSCA The prediction skill is higher for the modified model AGCM 1 2 as the model's climatological state is well simulated This indicates that models with reasonable land process will improve the prediction skill for short-term climate prediction

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However, the result is spatially discrete and temporally incontinuous when we calculate the energy of the solar radiation on the Earths surface using general meteorologic parameter.

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Under the linear relationship between narrow band and broadband albedos, according to the same time MODIS image data of narrow-band albedo, multiple linear regression equation was established to achieve narrow-band to wide-band Albedo retrieving.

在窄波段反照率與寬波段反照率之間存在線性關(guān)系的前提下日木一级坐爱片，通過(guò)與相同時(shí)段的MODIS圖像數(shù)據(jù)的窄波段反照率建立多元線性回歸方程产国69囗交视频国产，構(gòu)建回歸模型，實(shí)現(xiàn)窄波段到寬波段的反演欧美视频黄页播放大全。

Under the linear relationship between narrow band albedos and broadband albedos, by setting up multiple linear regression equation with the narrow-band albedo of the same time MODIS image data, it achieved retrieval from narrow-band to broadband albedo. The conversion of broadband albedos was fulfilled finally.

在窄波段反照率與寬波段反照率之間存在線性關(guān)系的前提下日韩美女偷自拍视频网站在线观看免费，通過(guò)與相同時(shí)段MODIS圖像數(shù)據(jù)的窄波段反照率建立多元線性回歸方程，構(gòu)建回歸模型wwwjjzz，實(shí)現(xiàn)窄波段到寬波段的反演A级毛片误无码免费真人久久。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

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The method is easy to utilize, and it only needs spectral data of two different kinds of land covers. In addition, it doesn't need the albedo computation of narrow wavebands. The method proves to be a good means for inversion of surface albedo.

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The simulations of two models are close to canopy albedo observation in this band. This indicates that the two-stream model can simulate the canopy albedo very well and the improvement of four-stream model is limited. The results also show that the albedo of the canopy modeled by the four-stream model is greatly improved than that of the two-stream model in the NIR band.

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The numerical results by use of vegetation canopy field observation of Chinese Zhejiang university and two models indicate that the simulations modeled by the two-stream and the four-stream models are mostly consistent in the visible band with small leaf scaterring.

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albedo：反照率

(growing)與水稻田休耕期 (fallowing)之小時(shí)平均土壤熱通量變化 62圖4-27水稻田生長(zhǎng)期(growing)與水稻田休耕期(fallowing)光量子計(jì)之小時(shí)平均序列圖 73圖5-3土壤含水率(Soil water content)與反照率(Albedo)之時(shí)間序列圖 90

albedo：反照率; 反射率

air-sea interface 大氣海洋界面; 海-氣界面 | albedo 反照率; 反射率 | albedo radiation 反照輻射

bolometric albedo：熱反照率

blue straggler 藍(lán)離散星 | bolometric albedo 熱反照率 | bolometric light curve 全波光變曲線

albedo measurement：反射率測(cè)量

albedo 反照率 | albedo measurement 反射率測(cè)量 | ald 自動(dòng)邏輯設(shè)計(jì)

photographic albedo：照相反照率

photogrammetry 攝影測(cè)量學(xué) | photographic albedo 照相反照率 | photographic camera 照相機(jī)

photographic albedo：攝影反照率

photograph 照片 | photographic albedo 攝影反照率 | photographic aviation 攝影飛行

albedo radiation：反照輻射

albedo 反照率; 反射率 | albedo radiation 反照輻射 | algae control 藻類控制

earth albedo：地球反照率

地球反照率 earth albedo | 堿土金屬 earth alkali metal | 地錨 earth anchor

bond's albe, do：球面反照率

bond order 鍵序 | bond's albe, do 球面反照率 | bonding electron 價(jià)電子

albedograph：反照儀

"albedo of the earth","地球反照率" | "albedograph","反照儀" | "albedometer","反照計(jì)"