In 1961 they published the first carrier will be injected into the semiconductor PN junction to achieve the "injection laser" exposition and demonstration in the tunnel diodes as high as in Jane and the PN junction to achieve population inversion (which is Produced by stimulated emission of the necessary conditions for) the possibility, but also that active high-density areas around the most active carrier of the border areas on both sides of the refractive index of a difference, creating optical waveguide effect.

他們又于1961年最先公開(kāi)發(fā)表將載流子注入半導(dǎo)體PN結(jié)以實(shí)現(xiàn)"注入激光器"的論述91精品福利区在线观看，并論證了在如隧道二極管中那樣高度簡(jiǎn)并的PN結(jié)中實(shí)現(xiàn)粒子數(shù)反轉(zhuǎn)(這是產(chǎn)生受激發(fā)射的必要條件)的可能性色库av，而且還認(rèn)為有源區(qū)周?chē)呙芏鹊亩鄶?shù)載流子造成有源區(qū)邊界兩邊的折射率有一差值鸥美激情性生活大片，因而產(chǎn)生光波導(dǎo)效應(yīng)。

Based on the method of minimum deviation angle, man can obtain the accuracy of measuring refractive index of glass at 3×10-6 with fine apparatus for measuring angle, but the classical princip1e formula quote...

計(jì)算表明啊啊啊啊啊好爽，用經(jīng)典公式計(jì)算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試樣折射率雖然對(duì)光學(xué)系統(tǒng)象差影響很小日韩A片综合视频，但作為折射率基準(zhǔn)測(cè)量，這樣大的原理公式誤差是不允許的欧美性爱成一北。

Based on the measured refractive index distribution curve, according as the theoretical model of light transmission in the GRIN medium, using quadrivalent Runger-Kutta method to carry out the light tracking, by this means the mainly imaging character index of themicro-lens such as foci, longitudinal and transverse spherical aberrations aberration etc is calculated.i.

第五章 從測(cè)量所得折射率分布曲線(xiàn)出發(fā)黄色免费网站在线看，根據(jù)梯度介質(zhì)球內(nèi)光線(xiàn)傳輸?shù)睦碚撃Ｐ停盟碾Arunger-kutta方法進(jìn)行光線(xiàn)追跡激情图片亚洲乱伦，計(jì)算了此種梯度球的縱橫向球差等光學(xué)特性亚洲恶心美女免费网站，給出所制作梯度折射率微球透鏡成像性能的評(píng)價(jià)。

Via calculation we find the contribution of the frequency in the vapor term to the refractivity can not be neglected.

計(jì)算發(fā)現(xiàn)日日日插插插，水氣項(xiàng)中的頻率改正對(duì)折射率差的貢獻(xiàn)是不可忽略的高清日韩精品第一页视频在线观看。

Based on the theoretical model of the optical and near-infrared wavelength refractivity which is recommended by the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics's resolution in 1999, as well as, theory of Mendes(2004), we rededuce some theoretical formulae and give the practical expressions of hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic components of the refractivity.

本文基于國(guó)際大地測(cè)量與地球物理聯(lián)合會(huì)1999決議推薦的光學(xué)和近紅外波段的大氣折射率差理論模型，在Mendes（2004）理論的基礎(chǔ)上www路99riav路com，對(duì)某些理論公式進(jìn)行了重新推導(dǎo)美国一级A片aaa久久，給出了大氣折射率差靜力學(xué)和非靜力學(xué)分量的實(shí)用表達(dá)式。

Based on the Seidel sums formulae of thin lens, four types of NIM thin lenses free from partial primary aberrations are designed with specific parameters and given redundant aberration coefficients.

通過(guò)對(duì)單塊負(fù)折射率介質(zhì)薄透鏡的像差特性分析国产第一页精品12页，我們提出了四種只有利用到負(fù)折射率介質(zhì)才具備的可消除部分初級(jí)像差的單塊薄透鏡系統(tǒng)久久久久性爱，并給出了相關(guān)的系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和冗余的初級(jí)像差表達(dá)式。

To obtain precise result, itis necessary, in the aspect of hardware, to set up one stable optics system with highSNR, only if so, can we do the measurement with the steady NIR. To do so, we designthe optics system using AOTF, and take some measures to increase the light energyand the system SNR, which includes the three layers structure of the light chamber,the equipments to cover the useless light, polarizing to reduce the influence of 0 gradelight and focalize the light with lens. Apart from the hardware aspect, according to theexperiments, we can see that the different temperatures between at setting up themodels and at predicting the results will affect the prediction results in a way, and theaffection extent will be increased along with the increase of the temperaturedifference. Moreover, the light energy that can be detected will be different with thecontact pressure, and the match of the refractive indexes between the tissue and thesurroundings will enhance the light transmission depth, which will take moreinformation of the tissue. So, during the measurement, we should ensure the sametemperature between measuring and predicting, the same contact pressure at everymeasurement and the match of the indexes between the tissue and the surroundings aspossible as we can.

要提高測(cè)量精度www.操com，從硬件方面就必須有一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的亚洲欧美一级、信噪比較高的分光光路系統(tǒng)，以此得到穩(wěn)定的近紅外光來(lái)進(jìn)行無(wú)創(chuàng)檢測(cè)黄色AV免费的网站，針對(duì)這個(gè)目的毛片网在线观看，我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了 AOTF 分光光路系統(tǒng)，并在系統(tǒng)中采用一定的措施如三層燈室結(jié)構(gòu)日韩大陆一区二区三区在线观看、遮光筒以減小雜散光特级毛片在线大全免费播放、起偏和檢偏來(lái)減小 0 級(jí)光影響、透鏡匯聚等等來(lái)提高出射光的能量和系統(tǒng)的信噪比十八禁网址污；從其他影響因素方面久久视频在线观看，通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)，我們得到不同的建模溫度對(duì)于預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果有一定的影響A片欧美在线播放免费网站，且影響隨著溫度的差值越大而越大黑人交换亚洲女人配乱吟粗大，另外散反射光譜的能量也隨著接觸壓力的不同而不同，組織的折射率與環(huán)境匹配將加大光的入射深度一级色逼影视，從而能攜帶更多的組織信息国产精品久久毛片AI换脸，所以在測(cè)量時(shí)我們盡可能保證同一溫度、保證同一接觸壓力以及利用物理或者化學(xué)的方法使組織與環(huán)境折射率匹配等99精品热在线观看视频手机。

The phase tracking principle of source-contained homodyne detection is researched, the frame diagram for phase detection and experimental results are given.

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As a singlet curved lens is impossible to correct all the five primary aberrations regardless it is made of PIMs or NIMs, the primaxy-aberration-free lens systems composed of two thin lenses or two thick lenses based on the use of NIMs are intentionally presented.

由于只靠單塊曲面透鏡是無(wú)法同時(shí)消除全部五種初級(jí)像差的三级经典在线视频网站，因而我們接著研究了由負(fù)折射率介質(zhì)構(gòu)造的能同時(shí)消除全部五種初級(jí)單色像差的雙薄透鏡組合系統(tǒng)和雙厚透鏡組合系統(tǒng)真实破苞痛痛痛视频。

On the special structure of the Lower Latitude Meridian Circle and the practice of determining astronomical refraction in Yunnan observatory,a new method for improving the correction accuracy of the atmo- spheric refraction delay is proposed:the determined data of the astronomical atmospheric refraction values with different azimuths are utilized to find the refractivity and the param- eters of mapping functions for modeling the atmospheric refraction delay correction,which changes with the observing stations and azimuths.

根據(jù)云南天文臺(tái)低緯子午環(huán)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，和測(cè)定大氣折射的實(shí)踐国产自慰喷水在线，提出了提高折射延遲改正精度的新方法99re9精品视频，即：利用各觀(guān)測(cè)站不同方位從天頂附近直到低地平高度角的天文大氣折射實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)，求解得到折射率差和映射函數(shù)的參數(shù)久久精品国内，從而建立隨測(cè)站和隨方位而異的大氣折射延遲改正模型黄色小视频1024你懂的。

absolute index of refraction：絕對(duì)折射率

aberration 光行差,像差 | absolute index of refraction 絕對(duì)折射率 | absolute refractive index 絕對(duì)折射率

chromatic dispersion：色散<現(xiàn)象>

介質(zhì)的折射率隨光色的不同而有不同數(shù)值的這種現(xiàn)象,稱(chēng)為光的色散現(xiàn)象(chromatic dispersion). 在眼科屈光檢查中的兩色法實(shí)驗(yàn)或色像差實(shí)驗(yàn)(chromatic test)就是應(yīng)用這一現(xiàn)象及原理而設(shè)計(jì)的. (1) 三棱鏡的構(gòu)成 三棱鏡(prism)是由透明物質(zhì)(如玻璃)構(gòu)成的一個(gè)三棱柱體(圖1-21).

relative refractive index：相對(duì)折射率

relative rediance 相對(duì)發(fā)光度 | relative refractive index 相對(duì)折射率 | relative relief 相對(duì)高差

refractive power：折光力

refractive index 折射率 | refractive power 折光力 | refractivity 折射性,折射率差

refractivity：折射性,折射率差

refractive power 折光力 | refractivity 折射性,折射率差 | refractometer 折射計(jì),屈光計(jì)

specific refractivity：折射率差度

specific reaction rate constant 比反應(yīng)速率常數(shù) | specific refractivity 折射率差度 | specific roughness 比糙度

refractometer：折射計(jì),屈光計(jì)

refractivity 折射性,折射率差 | refractometer 折射計(jì),屈光計(jì) | refractometry 屈光計(jì)檢查

refrigeratory：冷卻器

refrigerator 冰箱 | refrigeratory 冷卻器 | refringence 折射;折射率差

refringence：折射;折射率差

refrigeratory 冷卻器 | refringence 折射;折射率差 | reftone 參考音調(diào)

a.c. generator：交流發(fā)電機(jī)

a.c. generator 交流發(fā)電機(jī) | aberration 光行差,像差 | absolute index of refraction 絕對(duì)折射率