Abstract］ objective to study the pathological features and histopathological type and differential diagnosis of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia.methods the clinicopathological characteristics of 40 cases of fnh were studied.all were evaluted by use of paraffin embedded sections and he staining before light microcope observation.results there were 28 females and 12 males fnh patients whose age were from 16 to 62 years（median 41.3）,all alpha-fetoprotein was negative and had no hepatitis history.25 cases were classic type showed characteristic central stellate fibrotic scar,composed of fibrous connestive tissue and tortuous blood vessels.8 cases were telangiectic type,the left were mixed type and adenomatoid type.conclusion fnh is a reactive proliferation of hepatic cells to local blood vessel anomalies,it is not realy a tumor.its differential diagnosis includes hepatic adenomatous hyperplasia nodule,hepatic anaplasia nodular hyperplasia,fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatocellular adenoma.

目的 探討肝局灶性結(jié)節(jié)性增生的病理形態(tài)特點、組織分型及鑒別診斷jizz官网。方法分析40例肝局灶性結(jié)節(jié)性增生的臨床資料人人爱人人爽人人射，并采用石蠟包埋he染色光鏡下觀察其組織學(xué)特點。結(jié)果 40例肝局灶性結(jié)節(jié)性增生患者中日本性交操穴欧美性交操B，女28例精品久久久久久电影综合，男12例，年齡18~62歲精品无码国产污污污免费网站国产，平均年齡41.3歲精品国产手机在线观看，所有病例術(shù)前均無肝炎病史，甲胎蛋白陰性，組織學(xué)上25例為經(jīng)典型自拍日韩欧美激情视频在线观看，有特征性的中央纖維瘢痕欧美4p在线，由纖維結(jié)締組織及扭曲血管組成。8例為毛細(xì)血管擴張型色哟哟网站www，其余為混合型及腺瘤樣增生型毛片免费全部无码视频。結(jié)論肝結(jié)節(jié)性增生是一種肝細(xì)胞對局部血管的異常反應(yīng)性增生，并非真性腫瘤个人上传网上性交毛片，主要與肝腺瘤樣增生性結(jié)節(jié)在线观看黄色精品视频网站、肝間變性結(jié)節(jié)狀增生、肝纖維板層癌及肝細(xì)胞腺瘤鑒別欧美黑人双飞视频3区。

Objective: Augmenter of liver regeneration cloned from liver of weaning rat is a novel hepatic stimulator. It was reported that ALR mRNA expression was correlated with DNA synthesis of hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy, and could significantly promote the survial rate of intoxicated hepatitis rats.

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The uncovered tracts and the liver wound surface were managed by some of the methods combined such as high frequency electrocoagulation, titanium clamp, suture, hemostatic gauze oppression, argon-beam coagulation, protein glue adherence, and Endo-GIA switcher. The total operative outcome, operating time, blood loss, postoperative complications and postoperative hospital stay were summarized in order to assess feasibility and safety of the clinical laparoscopic liver resection.Results: 1. Laparoscopic liver resection with clamp dissection method needs only the ordinary laparoscopic equipment. It has a low cost but causes a little more bleeding. 2. Laparoscopic liver resection operated by microwave tissue coagulation method had very little bleeding when dissecting hepatic parenchyma. The operative field is clear and the cost is low. It is a safe, convenient and effective method. 3. Ultrasound dissector is a relatively ideal appliance for laparoscopic liver resection at present because ofless bleeding during operation. But the speed is slow thus prolongs the operation time. Its separating intensity is not strong enough, and it can only be applied to patients without hepatic cirrhosis. 4. Ligsure has clamp dissection and electrocoagulation functions. It can carbonize hepatic tissue including the tracts whose diameters are less than 7mm. It has some advantage in dissecting. However, it has the shortcomings of the clamp dissector during coagulating. 5. Hand-assisted laparoscopic liver resection can make use of the flexibility and feeling of the operators left hand.

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Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

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OVCs were isolated by density ladder centrifugation in the 4th week, and then OVC's morphology was observed under transmission electromicroscrope and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect the expression of ICAM-1. Results Observing OVC's morphology under transmission electromicroscrope showed that OVC was infantile and undifferentiated with big nucleus, clear nucleolus, large nucleoplasm-ratio, small mitochondria, and little endoplast.

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OVCs were isolated by density ladder centrifugation in the 4th week, and then OVC's morphology was observed under transmission electromicroscrope and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect the expression of ICAM-1. Results Observing OVC's morphology under transmission electromicroscrope showed that OVC was infantile and undifferentiated with big nucleus, clear nucleolus, large nucleoplasm-ratio, small mitochondria, and little endoplast. In initial stage of damaged liver, OVCs and the expression of ICAM-1 mostly distributed around Hering duct, and then gradually increased and expanded toward hepatic lobule, shown by staining paraffin sections with HE, immunochemistry and transmission electromicroscrope. Immunocytochemistry indicated that ICAM-1 expression on OVCs was positive.

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Results Observing OVC's morphology under transmission electromicroscrope showed that OVC was infantile and undifferentiated with big nucleus, clear nucleolus, large nucleoplasm-ratio, small mitochondria, and little endoplast. In initial stage of damaged liver, OVCs and the expression of ICAM-1 mostly distributed around Hering duct, and then gradually increased and expanded toward hepatic lobule, shown by staining paraffin sections with HE, immunochemistry and transmission electromicroscrope. Immunocytochemistry indicated that ICAM-1 expression on OVCs was positive.

結(jié)果 透射電鏡下觀察到OVCs超微結(jié)構(gòu)的改變?yōu)楹舜蠊豆啡对谙撸?漿比大人人se操，核仁小，胞漿內(nèi)細(xì)胞器少成年人午夜视频网站，可見少量內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)和小線粒體久久久精品欧美一区，整個細(xì)胞呈幼稚、未分化狀態(tài)综合图区欧美亚洲综合在线；ICAM-1免疫細(xì)胞化學(xué)檢測陽性欧美多人操；損傷肝組織HE染色和ICAM-1免疫組化檢測顯示，肝損傷初期亚洲黄色网站视频网站，Hering管周圍OVCs增生并且ICAM-1陽性表達(dá)一级黄片一级A片，隨著肝損傷的加重，OVCs繼續(xù)增生美女互摸互慰AV网站在线观看，并且台湾一级大黄A片熟女乱2伦，OVCs沿增生的肝纖維向肝小葉遷移，同時暴力强奸黄色网站有效，ICAM-1陽性表達(dá)也繼續(xù)增多日韩黄色视频毛片，并逐漸向肝小葉彌散分布；透射電鏡下觀察到国产精品久久九九精品小草，肝損傷初期亚洲精品中文，OVCs在Hering管周圍增生，肝纖維隨之增生欧美日韩视频在线，增生的OVCs與肝纖維黏附生長自拍偷拍视频区。

At the same time, the quantity of the reperfusion liquid should be controlled; 10 ml reperfusion liquid can effectively lustrate the blood and the air that resided in the liver.Key words liver transplantation; rats; reperfusion; animal model 建立穩(wěn)定大鼠原位肝移植rat orthotopic livertransplantation,ROLT

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Result: all the 82 cases,15 were treated with right hemihepatectomy,26 with left hemihepatectomy,10 with quadrate lobectomy,7 with right posterior lobectomy,24 with localization lobectomy.postoperative pathdogic:75 were liver cell carcinoma,7 were carcinoma of bileduct.one case with postoperative hemorrhea,hemostated by reoperation.3 patients with biliary fistula,2 cases were cured by drainage,1 case was cured by ercp.no one died in operation.10(12.2%) died in half year,27(32.9%) died in one year.conclusion: control the indication and amount of heratectomy,contral hemorrhea,treat incised wound of liver correctly and prevent postoperative complications ,that can guarantee the effect of hepatectomy.

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The faciform ligament is an important sign of laparoscopic liver surgery and a way of collateral circulation of liver. The superior liver artery found and named in this research can be an important sign to judge the position of hepatic vein. The operation pathway by cutting down the perihepatic ligament next to the superior border of liver is a quick way with little blood. It is difficult to hurt diaphragm and hepatic vein, and the secundum porta hepatic can be showed clearly. As a rule, we break the hepatic vein in the hepatic parenchyma on laparoscopic hepatectomy. But in some situation, extrahepatic treatment was used.

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liver abscess：肝膿腫

疾病名稱: 肝膿腫 概述: 肝膿腫(liver abscess)有二種,一種為細(xì)菌性肝膿腫,另一種為阿米巴性肝膿腫. 病因病理: 肝膿腫是肝內(nèi)常見的炎性病變,分為細(xì)菌性和阿米巴性.前者主要繼發(fā)于膽道国产精品18高潮网站、腹腔或身體其他部位的感染,而后者常繼發(fā)于腸道阿米巴病.

hepatic acinus：肝腺泡

2.肝腺泡 肝腺泡(hepatic acinus)是肝結(jié)構(gòu)單位的一種較新的概念. 肝細(xì)胞是行使肝功能的主要成分. 肝細(xì)胞的代謝活動與肝內(nèi)血循環(huán)關(guān)系緊密親密. 肝腺泡是應(yīng)用肝血管灌注法,根據(jù)肝細(xì)胞與肝內(nèi)微循環(huán)血流的關(guān)系而建立的. 肝腺泡的體積較小,

liver extract：肝浸膏,肝精,肝提出物

liver dullness 肝濁音 | liver extract 肝浸膏,肝精,肝提出物 | liver extract concentrated capsule 肝精丸

hepatic lobule：肝小葉

肝小葉(hepatic lobule)是肝的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能的基本單位,多角棱柱狀,高約2MM,寬約1MM. 人的肝小葉間結(jié)締組織較少,故小葉分界不明顯,每個肝小葉中央有一條中央靜脈,在肝小葉的橫斷面上,可見肝細(xì)胞彼此連接,形成許多肝細(xì)胞索,以中央靜脈為中心,

nutmeg liver：檳榔肝

檳榔肝(nutmeg liver)檳榔肝(nutmeg liver):慢性肝淤血時,肝小葉中央?yún)^(qū)因嚴(yán)重淤血呈暗紅色,兩個或多個肝小葉中央淤血區(qū)可相連,而肝小葉周邊部肝細(xì)胞則因脂肪變性呈黃色,致使肝臟切面肉眼呈紅(淤血區(qū))黃(脂肪變區(qū))相間,形似檳榔切面的條紋,

liver steatosis and fatty liver：脂肪肝

脂肪肝(liver steatosis and fatty liver)是一種病理學(xué)概念,系指肝內(nèi)脂肪含量超過肝濕重的5%,或肝活檢30%以上肝細(xì)胞有脂肪變且彌漫分布于全肝. 根據(jù)肝細(xì)胞內(nèi)貯存脂滴的大小,分大泡型和小泡型脂肪肝,類脂質(zhì)沉積病屬于小泡型脂肪肝范疇. 典型的小泡型脂肪肝罕見,

hepatize：肝樣變; 肝變 (動)

hepatitis 肝炎 (名) | hepatize 肝樣變; 肝變 (動) | hepatogenic 由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的; 肝性的 (形)

hepatogenic：由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的; 肝性的 (形)

hepatize 肝樣變; 肝變 (動) | hepatogenic 由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的; 肝性的 (形) | hepatogenous 由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的 (形)

hepatogenous：由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的 (形)

hepatogenic 由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的; 肝性的 (形) | hepatogenous 由肝產(chǎn)生的; 肝原的 (形) | hepatoma 肝癌 (名)

Hepatolithiasis：肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石

肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石(hepatolithiasis)是指左右肝管匯合部以上各分枝膽管內(nèi)的結(jié)石. 可以單獨存在,也可以與肝外膽管結(jié)石并存. 肝內(nèi)膽管結(jié)石可廣泛分布于兩肝葉膽管各分支內(nèi),亦可局限于一處,一般以左肝外葉或右肝后葉最為多見,