During the formation of domestic breeds from Anser cygnoides, there are relatively relationship between the genetic differentiation of domestic geese and some geographic scale.

在中國(guó)鴻雁家鵝品種的形成過(guò)程中，家鵝的遺傳分化式樣與品種的地理分布型式有很大的相關(guān)性，表現(xiàn)為地理分化的物種形成模型。

The average percent value of G C (49.3%) was less than that of A T (50.7%), there was a bias of the content of G, T in the third codon; The number of transition G-A and T-C were 22, 15 respectively, which were higher than that of transition A-G and C-T, the number of tranversion C-A, T-G is 2 respectively, and other tranversion patterns didnt occur; the probability of transition was higher than that of tranversion , Ts/Tv = 9.5-19, there was the highest number of transition in the third codon. The gamma parameter a of the lst,nd and 3rd codon positions were 0.00572,0.01237 and 1.05239 respectively, they showed that there was adifferent substitution rate at different codon position. Frequences of synonymous codon usage were relatively biased. The average rates of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution were 0.0787, 0.0011 respectively, there was a significant difference between dS and dN (Z = 4.713, p.01), and the low ratio( CD = 0.0284 .3) of dN/dS ratio impled that there were selective constraints against the nonsynonymous sites in cyt-b gene, The distribution of nonsynonymous codon substitution pattern related to Grantharm distance indicated that the purified selection at 2nd codon positions was more intensive than that at 1st codon positions. The phylogenetic trees supported the view of the double origin of Chinese goose, which means that domestic Chinese goose was derived from Anser cygnoides and domestic European goose, and Yili was derived from Anser anser.

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Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence were used to study the molecular evolution and phylogeny of Anser cygnoides(15 breed of Chinese goose), Anser anser(2 breed of domestic European goose) and Anser albifrons(the lesser white-fronted goose, Genbank accession number AF363031). Sequence analysis revealed that there were 29 variable sites and 4 haplotypes in 45 sequences, nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity were 0.0068,0.45 respectively, insertion/deletion or frameshift mutation were not found in Cyt-b gene sequences(1143bp).

本實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定了中國(guó)家鵝15個(gè)品種国产免费午夜福利院网孕、歐洲鵝2個(gè)品種共44個(gè)個(gè)體的細(xì)胞色素b基因全序列，與Genbank庫(kù)中自額雁細(xì)胞色素b基因序列合并在一起比對(duì)分析在线午夜福利网站，17個(gè)家鵝品種和白額雁細(xì)胞色素b基因全序列均為1143bp人人H在线一区二区，序列中沒(méi)有缺失、插入或移碼突變色在线国产，共檢測(cè)到29個(gè)變異位點(diǎn)女人特黄大片视频、4種單倍型，核苷酸多樣度和單倍型多樣度分別為0.00648和0.45精品一区二区三区人妻视频。