Among the species we measured, the maximum water holding specie is Abelia chinensis, and the minimum is Cudrania tricuspidata, and the water holding capacity of Abelia chinensis is three times as Cudrania tricuspidata. The shrub and herbage amount of six forest types is Shrubbery and grass land, Pinus massoniana forest, Mixed conifer forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Broadleaf forest and Cupressus funebris forest in order. And the water holding amount of shrub and herbage have positive relative with their amounts.

6種森林類型林下凋落物存儲量從大到小依次是柏木林熟女淫乱性爱视频网、針闊混交林视频亚洲欧美日韩、闊葉林在线AA亚洲视频、針葉混交林亚洲美女喷水啊啊啊、灌草地和馬尾松林WWW免费簧片AV网站COM；各種森林類型的凋落物都以半分解層為主亚洲久色，凋落物的組成以葉子為主枝條為輔，并雜有一些果實鲁一鲁中文字幕www、樹皮及芽鱗等在线看手机毛片；凋落物持水量從大到小依次是闊葉林、柏木林影视先锋av在线资源、針闊混交林亚洲一区有码在线、針葉混交林、灌木林和馬尾松林插逼网站，主要原因是除了受凋落物數(shù)量的影響外日韩欧美综合在线，還受凋落物成分的影響。

From the high altitude to the low altitude, the forest type is the betula ermanii forest, the moss-betula ermanii dark-conifer forest, the dark-conifer forest, the moss-pinus koraiensis dark-conifer forest, and the Korean pine and broad-leaved climax forest.

長白山北坡主要原始森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)由高海拔到低海拔分別為：岳樺林永久久国产一级黄色视频、苔蘚岳樺暗針葉林人成视频在线观看免费、山地中部暗針葉林、苔蘚紅松暗針葉林国产免费性交片、原始闊葉紅松林日韩福利短片在线看免费视频播放网站。

Forest types had significant influences on the nutrient characteristics of plant foliage, litter quality and most of the soil properties, showing significant difference between the deciduous forests and the conifer forests, the two types of conifer forests dominated by pine and larch, respectively.

林型對植物葉片養(yǎng)分特征欧美重a片视频、葉片凋落物品質(zhì)指標、土壤的大多數(shù)理化特性都有顯著影響国产又大又粗又硬又湿，其中国产永久免费精品999，落葉闊葉林與針葉林之間的差異最為明顯，優(yōu)勢種不同的針葉林之間也不同程度地存在差異中文字幕三级视频大全。

The canopy interception will increase with the precipitation during at the beginning of rain, but it will keep stable later. The canopy interception quantity of six forest types is Mixed conifer forest, Pinus massoniana forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Broadleaf forest and Shrubbery and grass land in order.There is much difference among the different species of the shrub and herbage.

林下灌草層不同的物種最大持水量有很大區(qū)別久久无码日韩毛片乐播，在測定的物種中持水量最大的是糯米條，持水量最小的是柞木亚洲第一中文字幕，糯米條的持水量接近柞木的3倍91人洗澡人人澡人人爽人人模。6種森林類型林下灌草生物量從大到小依次是灌草地、馬尾松林91日韩精品一区二区亚洲专区、針葉混交林97无码免费人妻视频、針闊混交林、闊葉林和柏木林国产91最新第一；灌草層的持水量與其生物量具有密切關(guān)系国产操视频网，生物量多的持水量相應(yīng)也多。

The results are as follows:The relationship between the precipitation and the stemflow is a linear regression. The stemflow of six forest types is Broadleaf forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Mixed conifer forest, Pinus massoniana forest and Shrubbery and grass land in order.

結(jié)果如下：樹干莖流量與降雨量成線性相關(guān)一级国产精品，回歸方程達到極顯著水平四虎在线观看成人影院免费；6種森林類型的樹干莖流量從大到小依次為闊葉林、針闊混交林久久精影院、柏木林一级毛片免费毛片一级毛片、針葉混交林、馬尾松林和灌草地A级毛片毛片免费观的看久TV；不同樹種間的樹干莖流量差異極顯著操美屄不卡黄色网站，影響樹干莖流量的主要樹體特征因子是冠型結(jié)構(gòu)、胸徑和平均冠幅www.888午夜。

The throughfall of six forest types is Shrubbery and grass land, Pinus massoniana forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Conifer and broadleaf forest, Broadleaf forest and Mixed conifer forest in order.The relationship between precipitation and the canopy interception is a power regression.

降雨初期欧美成在线，林冠截留量隨著降雨量的增大而增大，但隨著林冠吸水飽和AA片毛片免费，林冠截留量會逐漸趨于一個穩(wěn)定范圍免费看黄色大片视频网站。6種森林類型的林冠截留量從大到小依次為針葉混交林、馬尾松林东北丰满熟女哺乳挤奶、柏木林欧洲黄片毛片、針闊混交林、闊葉林和灌草地精新在线三级电影视频。

Bieti lost its habitat continuously in recently decades associated with the extension of rangelands and farmlands, as well as firewood collection etc. The monkey live mainly in primary fir forest and the mixed conifer forest, to evaluate the status of the monkeys' habitat, we employed GIS and RS software to identify the habitat types with five Landsat TM/ETM+ satellite imagery in winter of 1986, 1992, 1997, 2001 and 2006 years respectively. The work resulted in: 1 the size of summer grazing lands, farmlands, and fir forest was 13 100 hm2, 6 400 hm2, and 30 500 hm2 in 2006 respectively; 2 during the past 20 years (1986-2006), the size of fir forest (including primary fir forest and the mixed conifer forest) decreased by 14.6%(5 200 hm2), summer grazing lands and farmlands increased by 47.2%(4 200 hm2) and 14.3％(800 hm2) respectively; and 3, during the past 20 years, the number of firry forest patches increased by 68.4%, the mean size of firry forest patches decreased by 49.3%(from 15.1 to7.6 hm2), the largest patch index of firry forest decreased 54.9%; the patch richness had no change, but the Shannon's diversity index and the Shannon's evenness index increased by 2.7% respectively.

為了評估該物種的棲息地現(xiàn)狀和變化情況18禁无遮挡A片在线网站，我們通過野外調(diào)查工作，應(yīng)用GIS和RS技術(shù)美女高潮喷水影院，分別解譯了1986年无码秒播成人网站在线观看视频、1992年700AV在线视频、1997年、2001年和2006年的Landsat TM/ETM+冬季衛(wèi)星影像欧美一级片亚洲三级片，并對解譯結(jié)果進行了計算和分析狼友首页一区二区三区，得到了以下西藏種群棲息地的主要結(jié)果：1）現(xiàn)有暗針葉林（包括原始針葉林和針闊混交林）面積是30 500 hm2，夏季牧場面積是13 100 hm2亚洲玖玖在线第一页，農(nóng)田面積是6 400 hm2亚洲小说图片网；2）在過去20年間（1986-2006年），暗針葉林面積減少了14.6％（5 200 hm2）一级黄色变态在线视频，夏季牧場面積增加了47.2％（4 200 hm2）欧洲黄片免费看，農(nóng)田面積增加了14.3％（800 hm2）；3）在過去20年間色哟哟精品在线，暗針葉林的斑塊數(shù)量增加了68.4％99操在线观看，平均斑塊面積下降了49.3％（從1986年的15.1 hm2下降到2006年的7.6 hm2）国外黄色视频免费播放，最大的斑塊指數(shù)下降了54.9％国产v国产黄色三级片网站最；景觀豐富度并沒有變化，但Shannon多樣性指數(shù)和Shannon均勻度指數(shù)分別增加了2.7％动漫精品无码精品三区中文。

The results showed that small-scale gaps were the predominant types of disturbance. The average gap density was 12.5 km^(-1). The distribution pattern of gaps was aggregated on south facing slopes and was approximately homogeneous on north facing slopes. Conifer trees were the primary gap-makers in this forest that was dominated by Abies faxoniana, Tsuga chinensis, Betida utilis, both in abundance and diameter rank. The decay class distribution of gap-makers indicated that the mode of gap formation and gap-maker species changed with age of the forest; the contribution of conifer species to gap formation decreased with time and broadleaf species increased.

結(jié)果表明：l本區(qū)以小型林隙干擾為主国产一级二级视频在线，林隙平均密度為12.5個km^(-1)，林隙的分布格局在陽坡和山脊為集聚分布亚洲欧洲精品污网站在线观看，陰坡近均勻分布黄色.com；林隙形成木以針葉樹為主，岷江冷杉欧美乱图、鐵杉和糙皮樺在形成木的數(shù)量和徑級組成上均居前列日韩三级电影网。2林隙形成木的腐爛等級分布揭示出林隙形成木的形成方式和種類組成均隨時間變化。

Using the two aerial remote sensing images of 1980 and 2001, the vegetation types of conifer, broadleaf hardwood, frutex, etc. were abstracted. The statistical result shows that the recreation facilities have tight relationship with vegetation area. The establishment of the facilities increased non-vegetation area, and the nudity area increased 21.1%, while the conifer and mixed wood of conifer and hardwood decreased 6.2% and 2.5% respectively.

利用1980年和2001年兩期航空遙感圖像日韩美国一级欧美一级，提取了針葉林欧美高清黄色、闊葉落葉林、針闊混交林等植被類型特殊黄色网，結(jié)果表明旅游設(shè)施的修建增加了無植被區(qū)域的面積a片手机在线一级一区，使裸巖裸地面積增加了21.1%，針葉林和針闊混交林的面積則分別減少了6.2%和2.5%免费在线观看三级毛片。

Comparing guild composition reveals a food resource view of the difference between each landscape: grassland landscape supports proportionally more shrub insectivores than other landscapes; conifer plantation landscape supports more ground feeders and also shrub insectivores; natural forest landscapes support bole insectivores that almost never inhabit conifer plantation nor grassland.

以生態(tài)同功群探討不同地景所能提供的食物資源差異久久有精品，發(fā)現(xiàn)草生地地景能承載較多的灌層蟲食者、人造針葉林地景擁有較多的地面覓食者與灌層蟲食者欧洲天堂综合网、天然林地景擁有的樹干蟲食者則幾乎不出現(xiàn)在其他地景內(nèi)wwwaa在线观看；然而數(shù)量最多的樹層覓食者在各地景間差異不明顯。