In reliability-based optimization problems of a ship's longitudinal structural design, there are lots of discrete variables and continuous variables. This kind of mixed-discrete non-linear optimization problem containing discrete and continuous variables has long been payed attention to, which is more difficult to solve when a number of reliability constraints are taken into account.

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In discrete selection, one or more discrete objects are selected, and the incoming data is handed to the selected discrete objects, which process the data in their own ways.

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Three solution algorithms for classical transportation continuous/discrete/ mixed network design problems are designed based on particle swarm optimization approach, in which the continuous NDP is studied in detail, discrete and mixed NDP are only described the frameworks of the solution algorithms.2. Generally, road capacity constraints must be added to the lower level problem of classical discrete NDPs bilevel programming model in order to avoid traffic assignment on candidate roads.

本論文研究工作主要有如下幾個(gè)方面：(1)基于粒子群優(yōu)化思想設(shè)計(jì)了求解傳統(tǒng)的城市道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題的算法，其中詳細(xì)研究了連續(xù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題91免费在线免费，并用兩個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)例子進(jìn)行了數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)；并給出了離散網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題和混合網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)問(wèn)題的求解算法思路和主要步驟日韩欧美五码在线va。

In this paper,results of Markov chain are used under the circumstances of the automaton model which belongs to logical level of Discrete Event System to analyze the steady states and transient states of the Markov model of DES,respectively based on four conditions of discrete-time parameter and continuous-time parameter.A simpler decision rule of system ergodic property which applies both to the conditions of discrete-time parameter and continuous-time parameter is presented through an example.The transient states of DES which under the condition of continuous-time parameter are analyzed and computed based on Kolmogorov backward equation or forward equation.

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A new discrete reaching law is presented to improve the reaching process of discrete exponential reaching law.The discrete-time variable structure control system designed by this reaching law can not only weaken the chattering and control the system state approach to zero diminishingly,but also keep the basic property of quasi-sliding mode which can cross the switching surface step by step.This method improves the reaching process and enhances the control quality of the control system.

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At present,the research of digital watermarking focused on discrete fourier transform domain, Discrete cosine transform domain, Discrete wavelet transform domain and others, but its robustness need to be improved.

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Adaptive filtering ; time-domain LMS ; discrete Fourier transform ; discrete cosine transform ; discrete wavelet transform

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Then, the concept of frequency warping is then extended to discrete Fourier transform, discrete cosine transform and discrete wavelet transform, i.e., applying the idea of nonuniform frequency resolution to these common transforms.

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Applying this rule, a kind of the definition of the discrete estimated value on the quadrilateral net is given. It includes the definition of discrete Gauss curvature and discrete mean curvature.

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For reducing boundary distortion area, the elevations of grid DEM are viewed as a discrete sequence under a generalized coordinate, so that the boundary problem of two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform is turned into the boundary problem of one-dimensional discrete wavelet transform, which not only greatly reduces the boundary distortion area, improves the precision of reconstructed DEM data near the boundary, but also decreases the number of zeros adding on the boundary for wavelet transform, and boosts the compression ratio. On the basis of analyzing the distribution characteristics of coefficients in low and high frequency bands, a mixed entropy coding plan is applied, and a high efficient quantizator called"self-adaptive hard threshold"is established, which is helpful for improving the precision of the reconstructed DEM data and for enhancing compression ratio.

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