1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通過上述幾個方面的研究曰韩三级精品，主要得出以下15條結論：(1)生態(tài)位構建可使空間結構種群字幕网国产在线观看，甚至是在沒有雜合子優(yōu)勢的條件下www.xxxxx，形成多種可能的穩(wěn)定基因型分布模式乱伦视频无码一级；(2)隨著環(huán)境的破壞與惡化，種群的生態(tài)位構建作用加速其較早形成穩(wěn)定多態(tài)以阻礙環(huán)境對種群的不利影響欧美三级欧美一级69，解釋了有機體在不利環(huán)境下的一種生活史對策久久夜色精品；(3)生態(tài)位構建作用通過基因型—環(huán)境反饋機制及有限的基因交流導致基因型多態(tài)的穩(wěn)定共存；(4)有機體的生態(tài)位構建作用是一種積極的動力改變環(huán)境進而改變其自然選擇的方向98精品视频在线；(5)生態(tài)位構建的時滯作用對集合種群動態(tài)和空間分布產生深刻影響国产又黄又湿又色的免费网站；(6)集合種群大小在時滯的嶄新效應和等權重效應下達到一固定值，而在首位效應下達到統(tǒng)計穩(wěn)定亚洲婷婷五月天综合激情网，表明首位效應的影響最顯著欧美老妇交乱视频69式；(7)首位效應下生態(tài)位構建相對權重的增量和時滯的長度是影響系統(tǒng)不穩(wěn)定性動態(tài)的關鍵因素；(8)適中的生態(tài)位構建強度有利于集合種群的續(xù)存久久久久久A级片；(9)生態(tài)位寬度變窄會減少集合種群的數量從而增加其滅絕風險国产高清无码强奸视频网址；(10)時滯和生態(tài)位構建的雙重作用使系統(tǒng)產生周期振蕩一级av一片免费观看高清，并在異質性環(huán)境中產生穩(wěn)定的螺旋波黄色性爱欧美狂野澳门，破碎的螺旋波和環(huán)形波三種分布模式；(11)集合種群與資源含量的空間分布因為相滯而互補国产免费AⅤ片在线观看播；(12)具有生態(tài)位構建的集合種群續(xù)存不僅取決于侵占率與滅絕率之間的平衡人人操人人射人人干，而且依賴于生態(tài)位構建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之間的妥協(xié)；(13)當生境中適合侵占的斑塊比例小于其侵占率與滅絕率之比時日韩小视频在线，生態(tài)位構建作用促使集合種群在一定條件下續(xù)存：(14)生境斑塊的狀態(tài)從不適合到適合轉變過程中存在生態(tài)位構建強度和系統(tǒng)初始條件這兩個閾值国语对白露脸刺激自拍；(15)集合種群的大小同正生態(tài)位構建能力正相關，意味著對環(huán)境具有較強正作用的有機體對維持有效生境起積極作用亚洲日本网。

By taking cotton fiber in high yield cotton field of north Xinjiang as the object, the niche-fitness theory were introduced, through analysis the niche-fitness of cotton fiber in three mono-topping and multi-topping intercrop system treatment, the result showed, it is acceptable that evaluate cotton fiber quality by niche-fitness, the niche-fitness value of cotton fiber at the middle part of the cotton plant is the biggest that topping inJul.10th and Jul.25th in this three treatment, moreover, with the increase of topping times, compare with it's top part of cotton plant, the niche-fitness of cotton fiber at the low part of cotton plant have a raise tendency, the niche-fitness value of top and low part of cotton plant in multi-topping treatment is bigger than what of mono-topping.

以北疆高產棉田棉纖維作為研究對象三级片黄片日韩，引入生態(tài)位適宜度理論，對三個打頂次數不同的處理的棉花群體棉纖維生態(tài)位適宜度進行分析研究久久阿只有精品，結果表明：用生態(tài)位適宜度來評價棉纖維品質是切實可行的亚洲国产福利精品一区在线观看，三個打頂處理中7月10日和7月25日打頂棉株棉纖維生態(tài)位適宜度均為中部最高日韩婬乱a一级毛片多女韩国A片，并且隨著棉花群體打頂次數的增加，其下部棉纖維生態(tài)位適宜度較上部有逐漸增高的趨勢欧美大一片免费网站，與一次打頂相比較色伊伊综合久久桃花影院，其二、三次打頂棉株上三级片网站视频免费看、下部棉纖維生態(tài)位適宜度均升高青春草青。

In the algorithm,the theory of particle system changing from non-equilibrium to equilibrium is used to define the Rank function and Niche function for solving multi-objective problems,all the individuals in the population have chance to participate the evolving operation to solve the Pareto optimal solutions of the multi-objective problems fast and evenly.

由于該算法使用了粒子系統(tǒng)從非平衡達到平衡的理論來定義求解多目標問題的Rank函數和Niche適應值函數，使得種群中的所有個體都有機會參與演化操作亚洲国产毛片在线看，以達到快速国产精品看黄网站、均勻地求出多目標優(yōu)化問題的Pareto最優(yōu)解。

Niche which many ecologists have become interested in is an important concept in ecology. The main definitions of niche are the habitat niche of Grinnell (1917), the functional niche of Elton (1933) and the hypervolume niche of Hutchinson (1957) whose concept has by far the largest influence on niche.

生態(tài)位是生態(tài)學的一個重要概念中国三级黄色片18岁美女全体逼，許多生態(tài)學家都對生態(tài)位下了定義A片、Com，主要有Grinnell(1917)的生境生態(tài)位，Elton(1933)的功能生態(tài)位超碰地址，Hutchinson(1957)的超體積生態(tài)位九一国产视频精选，尤以Hutchinson的&超體積生態(tài)位&影響為大。

Based on Hutchinson niche and Guangxia Cao\'s definition, Fuzzy hypervolume niche evolves the theory of fuzzy niche: the niche is a fuzzy hypervolume; the niche of the species is a hypervolume with fuzzy boundary which is formed by the n-dimensional resources (time, space, temperature, humid, trophic,...) necessary for the species\' continuous existing and multiplying; membership of a point in the niche is equivalent to the adaptive degree of the species to the point of the environmental resources.

在Hutchinson生態(tài)位和Guangxia Cao的定義的基礎上国产欧美精品一区二区三区四某1区，模糊超體積生態(tài)位發(fā)展了模糊生態(tài)位理論：物種的生態(tài)位是可以使物種生存和不斷繁殖的n維環(huán)境變量(時間色综合久久91、空間、溫度哦美一级黄色网站、濕度亚洲免费一级免费看片、營養(yǎng)……)所形成的邊界模糊的一個n維超體積；隸屬函數表明n維資源空間的一個點x屬于生態(tài)位的程度91福利区一区二区三区，也表明物種對環(huán)境資源的適應程度国产精品色午夜快乐。

Although many scholars had attempted to define it, the typical definitions of niche are Grinnell's space niche, Elton's functional niche and Hutchinson's hypervolume niche; Niche metrics include niche breadth, niche overlapping, niche volume and niche dimension, among which niche breadth and niche overlapping are two important indexes that can be used to characterize a species niche and the relationships between species niches.

許多學者都試圖給生態(tài)位下定義，但最具代表性的當推GrinnellA片黄视频免费观看、Elton和Hutchinson分別給出的&空間生態(tài)位&天堂AV综合久久天堂、&功能生態(tài)位&和&多維超體積生態(tài)位&定義；生態(tài)位測度包括生態(tài)位寬度亚洲人成一区、生態(tài)位重疊免费.黄色.视频.网址、生態(tài)位體積及生態(tài)位維數等，其中生態(tài)位寬度和生態(tài)位重疊是描述一個物種的生態(tài)位以及物種生態(tài)位間關系的重要指標国产鲁鲁在线。

It showed that the niche breadth and niche overlapping indexes of the enclosed grassland in 2007 are much lower than in 2006 as a whole; The niche breadth of Artemisia ordosica is bigger than other species in the region in 2002. In 2003, the dominant species were Artemisia ordosica and Salsola ruthenica. Their niche breadth indexes were 0.544 and 0.460 respectively. The results of niche overlapping in 2006 and 2007 also showed that the species with big niche breadth didn't always have big niche overlapping, and the niche breadth and niche overlapping did not have a positive direct linear relation.

結果表明：2007年封育區(qū)植物種的生態(tài)位寬度及種間的生態(tài)位重疊指數總體上較2006年有所降低手机在线久草；2006年黑沙蒿生態(tài)位寬度最大，達0.768色色小视频一区二区，是06年封育區(qū)的優(yōu)勢種古伐一级婬片A片AAA毛片；2007年封育區(qū)的優(yōu)勢種為刺沙蓬和黑沙蒿，其生態(tài)位寬度值分別為0.544超碰在线公开无码、0.460午夜福利视频少妇直播网站；2006年和2007的生態(tài)位重疊結果均表明黄色视频在线免费观看无码高清强奸，生態(tài)位寬度大的物種不一定和其他物種有大的重疊指數，較高的生態(tài)位寬度和較高的生態(tài)位重疊之間并不存在直接的線性關系亚洲国产精品日本一区二区；2006年91人妻论坛国内入口、2007年較高的Pianka生態(tài)位重疊指數都出現(xiàn)在生態(tài)位寬度較小的物種之間。

Logistic regression and Ecological-Niche Factor Analysis were employed to link the records of land snails with environmental factors and predict the occurrence probability of land snail species in I-Lan County.

再將陸貝出現(xiàn)紀錄與環(huán)境因子結合95视频手机在线观看，針對出現(xiàn)記錄最多的前11種陸貝套用邏輯回歸與生態(tài)棲位因子分析(Ecological-Niche Factors Analysis色哟哟无码一区， ENFA)兩種生態(tài)模式，預測宜蘭地區(qū)這11種陸貝的出現(xiàn)機率黄视频免费。

Niche market A niche market is a focused targetable portionof a market.

Niche market 有人將其翻譯為縫隙市場大屌干屄视频，或者是小眾市場。

As to the first research topic, we present a 'Noble Brand Positioning Four Master Phases Theory': Brand Space Theory, Brand Capital Theory, Brand Value Theory and Brand Circle Theory in advance. Following based on the Principal Component Analysis of statistical theory, we implemented the quantitative research in the 'Noble Brand Positioning Four Master Phases Theory'. We used the most famous fast food brand 'McDonald' s' as the sample space. The simulation test result shows that the Overall Index Explanatory Power is 83% under the Cronbath' s a is 0.88 through the quantitative verification. This result gives a strong support in defining the Noble Four Niche Phases Theory as the important strategic factor in establishing brand positioning index. After completing the quantitative research, the Principal Weight of each Sub-Niche is positive. This also implies that the Noble Brand Positioning Four master Phases Theory represents positive affection to brand positioning index. We also created the following Sub-Niches those are rarely mentioned in the past literatures. The Sub-Niches are:'Endless Running Strategy, Business Environment Strategy, Physical Capital Strategy, Brand Logo, Brand Music, Business Life Strategy, Personnel Capital Strategy, Life Cycle Strategy, Trust Mask Strategy, Re-Positioning Strategy, Word-Power Strategy, Globalization Strategy, Network Revolution Strategy and Green Brand Strategy'. The quantitative verification model can classify the responses of the sampling space into groups. After that, we used the quantitative verification process to classify the Target Consumer. And through the Principal Component Analysis, the group that owns the biggest average value consists of the Master Target Consumers for the business. This result would become the best suggestion for the business to adjust its strategies and to upgrade the productivity efficiency and create higher profit. As to the second research topic, we focused on finding the best corresponding characteristics attributes of the Brand Music for the Brand Log.

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