The numerical analysis method is used to study the ground movement laws caused by the ovalization variation in the cross section in the action of water and soil pressure of tunnel lining.Based on the stochastic medium theory,this paper suggests the method for calculating this ground movement caused by tunnel ovalization deformation.

采用數(shù)值分析方法研究了隧道襯砌在土水壓力的作用下人干人操人，斷面所產(chǎn)生的橢圓化變形引起的地層位移規(guī)律无码国产一区二区免费，并基于隨機(jī)介質(zhì)理論欧美性爱操比黄色视频在线观看，給出了計(jì)算隧道橢圓化變形引起地層位移的方法。

However, from the ovalization-curvature curve, the ovalization of the tube cross-section increases in a ratcheting manner with the number of cycles.

從彎矩－曲度的實(shí)驗(yàn)曲線中顯示欧美色网址，在對(duì)稱曲度循環(huán)彎曲負(fù)載時(shí)316L不銹鋼管有循環(huán)硬化的現(xiàn)象国产女主播喷水视频在线观看，而經(jīng)過了一些循環(huán)圈數(shù)后回圈會(huì)變的較穩(wěn)定。

The accumulation of the ovalization for the first case is much faster for the deeper depth than that for the less shallow depth. However, the change of the width does not influence on the ovalization-curvature curve for the second case.

當(dāng)在固定凹槽寬度且不同深度的情況下中文字幕无码免费久久9一区9，凹槽越深a片www免费看，成長的速度累積橢圓化量較快，而在固定凹槽深度且不同寬度的情況下日韩va欧美中文字幕在线，不同寬度對(duì)橢圓化的變化并沒有太大的影響91尤物无码国产在线观看。

Four years later, in a 1996 workover, well E-1 was successfully pressure tested above the deep casing collapse location, even though ovalization and tight spots existed above the collapsed casing.

4年后，在1996年修井久久裸交视频，以及的E - 1是上述壓力測(cè)試成功的深層套管崩潰的位置白白发布网，即使ovalization和嚴(yán)密點(diǎn)以上倒塌套管存在。

The effects of some parameters, such as mandrel ball numbers, mandrel extension length, bending angle, lubrication condition of pressure die, relative bending radius and material, on ovalization have been investigated by experimental method, and the effective methods to reduce the ovalization are proposed.

文章采用實(shí)驗(yàn)法91手机视频国产精品自拍，研究了芯頭個(gè)數(shù)94人人操人人操人人看、芯棒伸出量、彎曲角度欧美性爱激情图、壓塊潤滑狀態(tài)黄片三级在线观看、相對(duì)彎曲半徑、材料等因素對(duì)截面畸變的影響日本成年黄色网站片；并提出了減小截面畸變的有效措施人人人人操操。

As for the ovalization-curvature curve, it can be observed that the ovalization increases in a ratcheting manner with the number of the bending cycle. When the magnitude of the ovalization reaches a critical value, the tube buckles.

至於在橢圓化－曲度的曲線圖中顯示，橢圓化會(huì)隨著循環(huán)彎曲的圈數(shù)漸增且呈現(xiàn)對(duì)稱棘齒的變化亚洲图片韩国理论，當(dāng)橢圓化值增加到某一極限時(shí)狼友视频在线播放网址，薄壁圓管便會(huì)發(fā)生皺曲破壞。

For the ovalization-curvature curve, the ovalization exhibits the unsymmetric-increasing ratcheting manner with the number of cycles. It is shown that the width does not affect the aforementioned curve, however, the deeper the sharp-notch, the larger amount of the ovalization to bend the tube to a certain magnitude of curvature.

至於橢圓化-曲度的曲線圖中顯示中文字幕,大黄片，橢圓化會(huì)隨著循環(huán)圈數(shù)呈現(xiàn)非對(duì)稱棘齒狀的增加超碰在线视屏观看，而凹槽寬度對(duì)上述曲線沒有太大的影響a片手机在线一级一区，但尖銳凹槽的深度越深欧美一级激情操逼aaa黄，彎曲至某固定曲度時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的橢圓化量就越大。

A new mathematical model is put forward numerically to simulate the wheel ovalization.. In the numerical simulation, the dynamic model of a half railway vehicle coupled with a tangent track is employed. Using the new numerical method investigates vehicle-track coupling system dynamic responses including lateral and vertical displacement of wheelsets and the vehicle, lateral and vertical vibration acceleration of the track at different phase angle of the two side wheels of the same wheelset, which are compared with that of the traditional model. The numerical results show that the discipline and frequency of dynamic responses are accordant, amplitude and phase of lateral dynamic responses are different. It is concluded the traditional track geometric irregularity excitation model does not simulate the effect of periodic wheels ovalization on vehicle-track coupling system dynamic behavior truly, the new model is more accurate and reasonable.

本文研究了車輪二階周期性非圓化—橢圓化h色在线，建立了一個(gè)新的模擬車輪橢圓化的數(shù)學(xué)模型全色色网2021，結(jié)合車輛－軌道空間耦合動(dòng)力學(xué)模型，計(jì)算了同一輪對(duì)左右車輪不同相位和車輪橢圓度下輪對(duì)和車體的橫手机黄网国产视频、垂向位移av国岛无码专区人妻系列，鋼軌橫、垂向振動(dòng)加速度com超碰在，并與傳統(tǒng)模型計(jì)算結(jié)果作了對(duì)比黄片免费视频精品免费视频，分析表明兩種模型的動(dòng)力響應(yīng)變化規(guī)律和頻率一致国产永久免费AⅤ在线观看，但橫向動(dòng)力響應(yīng)幅值和相位均存在不同程度不可忽略的差異，因此傳統(tǒng)的軌道幾何不平順激勵(lì)模型不能真實(shí)模擬車輪的周期性橢圓化對(duì)車輛－軌道耦合動(dòng)態(tài)行為的影響黄网站色视频免费无风险，而本文模型更能反映實(shí)際橢圓車輪與鋼軌接觸情形激情五月日韩精品制服丝袜，計(jì)算方法準(zhǔn)確而合理。

The results show that increasing the ball numbers and mandrel extension length may reduce the ovalization, but leads to more remarkable wall thinning; the ovalization becomes more severe with the larger bending angle; the smaller the relative bending radius, the larger the ovalization is; the ovalization and wall thinning degrees are both smaller in the case of pressure die with dry lubricant; and under the same bending condition, the ovalization of LF2M tube is larger than the one of 1Cr18Ni9Ti tube.

結(jié)果表明亚洲性交网站，增加芯頭個(gè)數(shù)與芯棒伸長量都能減小彎管的截面畸變亚洲国产精品一区二区四季，但兩者都導(dǎo)致彎管壁厚減薄量增大；隨著彎曲角度的增加三级片啪啪视频，截面畸變?cè)絿?yán)重超碰人人草人人摸，相對(duì)彎曲半徑越小，無芯棒與芯頭支撐段彎管的截面畸變愈嚴(yán)重JIZZ国产丝袜18老师；在壓塊無潤滑情況下大屁股91精品，彎管的截面畸變和壁厚減薄量都小，并且在同等彎曲條件下欧美日韩国产一区不卡，1Cr18Ni9Ti彎管的截面畸變小于LF2M彎管干干激情网。

The calculating results are compared with the test data in available literatures and FEM results. The research results show that the plastic hinge model is precise and correct, which can satisfy with the actual engineering demands. The collapse pressure of perforated liner casing decreases with phrase angle, initial ovalization and diameter-thickness ratio increasing, and increases with the yield stress. The phrase angle and initial ovalization have greatly influence on the collapse pressure. The collapse pressure of perforated liner casing is slightly changed with the diameter and density of perforation when the diameter and density are smaller than 12mm and 120 shots per meter, respectively.

計(jì)算結(jié)果表明：篩管抗擠強(qiáng)度的塑性鉸模型具有很高的計(jì)算精度和準(zhǔn)確度，可以滿足工程實(shí)際需要外国二级黄色二级黄色视频外国；篩管抗擠強(qiáng)度隨著射孔相位角日日射天天操、徑厚比和初始橢圓度的增加而降低，隨著屈服強(qiáng)度的增加而增加国产大学生性爱视频，相位角和橢圓度對(duì)篩管抗擠強(qiáng)度影響比較顯著十八禁止免费网站；在射孔直徑小于12 mm、射孔密度小于120 孔/ m 時(shí)男女无遮挡毛片视频免费播放，篩管抗擠強(qiáng)度隨射孔直徑和射孔密度增加變化不明顯亚洲人人看a。