Thin-walled tube with closed section is commonly used in large space structures. In order to calculate the time-dependent temperature fields in these structures subjected to heat flux and emitting thermal energy by radiation, the temperature gradients along both the axes and circumferences of the tubes should be considered.

薄壁閉口管是大型空間結(jié)構(gòu)中的常用元件，為準(zhǔn)確地計(jì)算以其為組件的空間結(jié)構(gòu)在太空輻射換熱條件下的瞬態(tài)溫度場(chǎng)889avav，必須同時(shí)考慮沿管軸向與橫截面周向兩個(gè)方向的溫度梯度。

The collimator neutron flux is drawn from the horizontal channel by the use of SPRR-300 as a neutron resource. The convector made of 6LiFZnS and the long focus professional twilight lens with the small field of view are used, and the digitalized CCD camera is developed by the use of scientific grade CCD chip, the double thermocouple refrigeration and 14bit A/D convector. The image grabbing, processing and analyzing software of double bytes has been developed by the use of Visual C++ and C++ Builder, and the facility of anti-radiation for CCD is set up.

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When blanket is designed, some necessary data, including tritium breeding ratio, irradiation damage ratio, intensity of activation radiation, magnet and thickness of shield, can be get through neutronics calculation. All of that must base on heat load and neutron power flux of first wall and divertor plate. So, the preparative calculation is prformed for that.

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4There is not the electric arc ray radiation owing to the fact that burns down on the electric arc soldering flux layer.

由于電弧焊劑層下燃燒，沒(méi)有電弧光輻射黄色片一级a片。

Proton events in general only occur in SAA region while electron events appear at both SAA and polar regions.Electron flux of 0 5～2 0?MeV in polar regions is dominant over that of 2～15?MeV,while at SAA,fluxes from the two channels are about the same.There is a close correlation between energetic particle radiation inside and outside the satellite.

與現(xiàn)有理論模型和國(guó)外大致相同軌道上的空間高能輻射環(huán)境直接觀測(cè)資料對(duì)比還表明人操人人人，衛(wèi)星艙內(nèi)的輻射與艙外的空間輻射環(huán)境是完全相關(guān)的，積累的有關(guān)資料不但是航天設(shè)計(jì)和環(huán)境應(yīng)用研究所需的重要參量之一欧美精品一二三四区0，也是空間物理基礎(chǔ)研究特別是輻射帶研究的重要數(shù)據(jù)丁香五月婷婷五月丁香。

Results showed that within a certain energy level,radiation damage on M_1 seedling increased with the energy increasing when the integral flux was given.

結(jié)果表明，在一定離子通量下韩国三级HD中文字幕叫床，所用注入能量范圍內(nèi)的離子束對(duì)幼苗造成的輻射損傷隨輻射能量的增加而增大人人澡人人人人天天夜。

Results showed that within a certain energy level, radiation damage on M1 seedling increased with the energy increasing when the integral flux as given.

結(jié)果表明，在一定離子通量下禁视频国产一区二区，所用注入能量范圍內(nèi)的離子束對(duì)幼苗造成的輻射損傷隨輻射能量的增加而增大欧美性爱4。

In the analysis, firstly, the flux boundary condition is used to simulate the frictional heat resource between wheel and rail. The non-steady heat transfer between the contacting surfaces of the wheel/rail, heat-convection and radiation between the wheel/rail and the ambient were all taken into consideration. Therefore, a heat coupling model of the wheel/rail in rolling/sliding is put forward to calculate the frictional temperature rise in the wheel and rail. Secondly, after the temperature distribution of wheel/rail, due to friction, is calculated, substitute the thermal load with equivalent fictitious body force and boundary distributed force loaded on the nodes of the corresponding elements. The wheel-load is applied to the center of the wheel.

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According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

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We can calibrate various radiation thermometers and radiation heat flux bolometers, for example, IR-thermometers, IR-tympanic thermometers.

能夠進(jìn)行各種輻射溫度計(jì)的校正工作国产亚洲欧美日韩精品A片，例如輻射高溫計(jì)超碰97在线网，紅外溫度計(jì)和紅外耳溫計(jì)，以及校正一些輻射熱流計(jì)大逼视频。