Aiming at the physical model inapplicability of flash method to measure thermal diffusivity of semi-transparentmaterials, a new physical model was proposed. In the model, according to the permeance of materials, the pulse laserabsorption of materials is of exponential type, and the authors establish a relevant differential equation and get a analyticalform.

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objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

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The study was carried out in order to explode the effects of shading on growth,development,quality and photosynthesis characteristics of purslanes under different light intensity.

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Because the threshold exposure levels for photic damage to the retina at each wavelength of the optical spectrum are well known, it is fairly simple to calculate the maximum permissible filter transmittance that will provide adequate retinal protection from sunlight.

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A new method was suggested to characterize the anti oxidation capability of micron silver coated copper powder in normal temperature.

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The results showed that different maize plant type led to different micro-climate in soybean planting strip, which was a direct factor affecting the changes in morphological characters and tissue structure of soybean.

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Shading experiments were designed according to low light intensity problem caused by intercropping system of peanut with maize or wheat et al. Fenghua1 and Fenghua2 were adopted in the experiment of four light intensity levels (CK in which the plants were grown under natural light, 27% shading, 43% shading and 77% shading), which carried out at three growth stage using black sunshade net. And the three stages were seedling phase, pod-setting phase and pod-maturing phase. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of low light on the photosynthetic characteristics, luminous energy distribute of PSⅡ, RuBPCase activitiy, plant morphogenesis, dry matter production, pod yield and quality of peanut at different stages, defined the relationship between dry matter accumulation and PAR, relationship of efficiency for solar energy utilization and PAR, and then set up the ...dry matter production and yield formation model on the basis of the experimental data.

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A method was developed for the determination of trace impurity affecting ultraviolet transmittance in ethylene glycol.

建立了測定乙二醇中影響紫外透光率的痕量雜質(zhì)的方法。

Featuring wider angle views than predecessors, a new "super achromatic" objective lens,"Phase Corrected" Abbe-Koenig prisms, light transmission of at least 91%, and nitrogen filled composite housings reinforced with fiberglass to assure high endurance. In September 1994 Zeiss announced the first "Contax" 35mm rangefinder camera with interchangeable lenses made since 1959; the "G1" features include auto focus with any of four optional lenses, TTL metering, automatic film advance of up to 2 frames per second, and a luxurious titanium body.

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